Antimicrobial Activity of Turmeric, Ginger, and Galangal Rhizome Ethanol Extracts in Combination Using the Checkerboard Method

Authors

  • Muhammad Azhari Department of Pharmacochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3966-582X
  • Riki Febriansyah Sengaji Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Al-Ghifari University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.57174/j.born.v3i3.108

Keywords:

combination, galangal, ginger, synergistic, turmeric

Abstract

Bacterial infection remains a significant problem around the globe and worsens with the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains. Indonesia is rich in natural resources, such as its flora diversity, with various benefits, including medicinal use. This study investigated the potency of turmeric, ginger, and galangal rhizome ethanol extracts in single and combination using the checkerboard method against several pathogens. The most potent inhibitory activity in a single form was shown by turmeric extract against Streptococcus mutans and Cutibacterium acne with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 16 µg/mL. Meanwhile, the bactericidal activity was shown best by turmeric extract against Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis with both MIC and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 32 µg/mL. The synergistic combination was shown by turmeric-ginger (TGi), turmeric-galangal (TGa), and ginger-galangal (GiGa) against Staphylococcus aureus with the FICI (fractional inhibitory concentration index) of 0.15625, 0.1328, and 0.15625, respectively, and TGi against Streptococcus mutans with the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) of 0.1875. This preliminary study showed the potency of those rhizomes for further research to investigate the active compounds with a synergistic activity that may be used as an alternative therapy in the future.

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Author Biography

  • Muhammad Azhari, Department of Pharmacochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung

    Department of Pharmacochemistry, School of Pharmacy

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Published

30-11-2023

How to Cite

1.
Antimicrobial Activity of Turmeric, Ginger, and Galangal Rhizome Ethanol Extracts in Combination Using the Checkerboard Method. JB [Internet]. 2023 Nov. 30 [cited 2024 Dec. 6];3(3):139-48. Available from: https://journalborneo.com/index.php/jb/article/view/108